Carpenter&#39;s adjustable fillister or rabbet plane



J. E. MEED. GARPENTERS ADJUSTABLE FILLISTER OR RABBET PLANE.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

APPLICATlON FILED JUNE 21,1920.

ii g Q wmwooz Z J. E. ME ED. CARPENTERS ADJUSTABLE FILLISTER 0R RABBETPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JIL'NE 21.1920.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

3SHEETSSHEET 2.

QCLJ/V 1. E. ME ED. CARPENTERS ADJUSTABLE FlLLISTER 0R RABBET PLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21,1920. 1,388,281. Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES E. MEED, OF PALESTINE, WEST VIRGINIA.

1 '0 all Q0/7107)? it may concern Be it known that I, J AMES E. Mnnn, acitizen of the United States, residing at Palestine, in the county ofW'irt and State of West Virginia, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Carpenters Adjustable Fillister or Rabbet Planes, ofwhichv the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carpenters planes, and particularly toimprovements in planes of that type known as fillister or rabbet planes,and the present application is a continuation of my prior applicationfiled Mar. as, 1918, Ser. No. 225,151.

One object of my invention is to provide a plane having a strong anddurable con struction of metal body or stock and which reduces frictionin the working movement of the plane over a surface.

another object of the invention is to provide simple, reliable andefficient means for more securely holding the plane-iron orcutter'blade, and for adjusting the cap to compensate for wear whenoccasion requires.

Another object of the invention is to provide side cutters for formingthe margins of the rabbet or other out, whereby clean or smooth outmargins may be obtained, combined with means for conveniently adjustingsaid side cutters to suit the depth of cut as well as to compensate "forwear and for sharpening of the cutters.

Another object is to provide improved means for securing the sidecutters in position in such a manner as to keep them in accurate workingorder while permitting of their ready removal.

A nother object of the invention is to pro-- vide a gage for regulatingthe depth of cut, which gage may be adjusted to vary its Workingposition for any depth of cut and quickly removed when making abnormallydeep cuts.

.Vith these and other objects in view, the invention consists of thefeatures of construction, combination and arrangement of parts,hereinafter fully described and claimed, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, looking to- Specification of LettersPatent.

CARPENTERS ADJUSTABLE FILLISTER OR RABBET PLANE.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

This application filed June 21,

ward the right hand side, of a ing my invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, looking toward the left hand side of theplane.

F 1g. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through the center of theplane.

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of a portion of the plane stock.

F 1g. 5 is a vertical transverse section on line 5-5 of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 6 is a sectional 6-6 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a detail section on line 77 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a detail Section through one of the latches of the side cutteradj ustlng shafts and associated parts.

Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse section on line 9-9 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 10 is a similar viewv with the depth gage removed.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary section showing one of the latch plates.

Fig. 12 is'a plan view of the body of the plane, omitting all removableparts.

Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the same, partly broken away.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates generally the body or stock ofthe tool, which is preferably formed of a single metallic castingandincludes a bottom plate or shoe 2, a continuous side plate 3 at theright hand side of the stock, a comparatively short side plate 4 at theleft hand side of the stock, and a handle 5'which is integral with theside plate. 3. The bottom plate 2 is divided, as is usual in planes ofthis character, to provide the throat 6, through which the cutting edgeof the plane-iron or cutting bit Tprojects, which throatextendsobliquely across the full width of the sole. For the purpose ofstrengthening and reinforcing the divided sole, the short side plate 4is arranged to extend in front and rear of the throat and is connectedwith and braced from the continuous side plate 3 by an archedlongitudinally and laterally extending brace 8. This brace-8 connectsthe portion of the plate 4 in rear of the throat 6 with the plate 3 andpartially overhangs the plan view on line plane embodythroat, as shown.Also connecting the two plates 3 and 4 is a curved wall or web 9,forming the front wall and a portion of the roof of the throat 6 andperforming the double function of a strengthening element and adeflector for guiding the shavings through the clearance space 10opening through the opposite sides of the stock and located immediatelyabove the throat. The stock is preferably further strengthened byproviding at the front thereof a flange 11 continuous with the base ofthe wall 4 and connecting the same with the base and a front transversewall 12.. tegrally with the stock and connected with the walls 3 and 4is a frog or bit seat 13, which is connected at its upper edge with thewall 3 by a'bracing web 14. By the construction 'of the parts of thestock as above described, all of which are integral in a single casting,an exceedingly strong and durable construction of stock is provided, onein which all weakness of the stock from the formation of the throat isavoided, and whichis not liable to warp or get out of shape or to breaktransversely along the line of the throat from weakness or roughhandling. As shown, the bottom of the sole 2 and outer side of the sideplate 3 are lon-' gitudinally grooved to provide ribs or reducedsurfaces 15, thus reducing the amount of surface running in contact withthe work or other'object and correspondingly reducing friction.

The bit or cutting plate 7 may be of any ordinary form, except ashereinafter described, and, as shown, said bit is provided with a slot16 to receive a roller or projection17 upon the lateral adjusting lever18, which lever ma be of ordinary construction and pivotal y mountedupon the seat 13, as, indicated at 19. The bit is clamped in position bymeansof the cap or clamping member 20, mounted to rock upon a pivot pin21 projecting laterally from the wall 3. In accordance with myinvention, the pin 21 extends through the bore of an eccentric bushing22 rotatably mounted in an opening 23 in a lug 241 formed upon the cap20, a screw or other fastening member 25 being mounted upon the lug toengage the eccentric bushing whereby said bushing may be fixed inadjusted position. It will be evident that'by this construction thebushing may be adjusted, andfixed in vadjusted position, wheneverrequired, to vary the distance between the clamping face of the cap andaxial center on which the cap tilts to compensate for wear of thepartsand to dispose the cap to clamp the bit accurately and with any desireddegree of firmness. cap 20 may carry the usual leaf spring clamp 26 andits pivoted eccentric lever 27, as is common in this class of devices.For

the purpose of adjusting the bit longitudi- Also formed in- Th r nallyto advance and retract its cutting edge an adjusting shaft 28 isprovided having at its upper end a milled knob or hand wheel 29. Thisshaft 28 is arranged in rear of the bit seat 13 and carries a worm orother gear 30 which projects through an opening 31 in said seat 13 andengages worm gear teeth 32 formed upon the back of the bit, theconstruction 7 being such thatthe bit may be easily and convenientlyadjusted in opposite directions for projecting or retracting its cuttingedge to regulate its cutting action. The bit may be released from theWorm 30, for removal or other purposes, by tilting or swinging the shaft28 rearwardly, to which end the lower end of the shaft 28 is providedwith a ball andsocket pivotal connection, as shown at 33, with thebearing 34 formed or provided upon the rear side of the seat 13. At itsupper end the shaft 28 extends through and is journaled in a slot 35formed in the web or plate 14;, said slot being of sufficient length topermit the shaft to be swung forwardly or rearwardly to per mit of theengagement of the gear 30 with and its disengagement from the teeth 32.A

latch. plate 36 is slidably mounted upon the web 1 1- and carriesretaining fingers 37 which engage under the plate 14 at opposite sidesof the slot 35'to guidethe latch and hold it from out- One of thesefingers plate in its movements ward displacement.

may be riveted or otherwise fixed to the latch plate and the otherdetachably fastened by a screw or otherwise to permit of the fitting ofthe latch plate in positionand its removal when required. The rear endof the latch plate ca-rrles a spring actuated locking pin 38 to engage akeeper opening 38 in the plate 1 1 to look said latch plate in itsforward or shaft holding position. By 7 lifting this pin the latch platewill be released, allowing it to be retracted. hen the latch plate ismoved forwardly the shaft 28 will be disposed in its forward positionand journaled for rotation in its bearings, in which position the gear30 will engage the teeth 32, but by sliding the plate 36 rearwardly theshaft will be freed so that it may be moved rearwardly and gearretracted in an obvious manner.

Formed in the side plates 3 and 4t at points immediately in advanceofthe opposite sides of the throat 6 are dove-tailed grooves or guideways39 in which are slidably mounted vertically adjustable side cutters d0.These cutters l0 have lower cutting edges 11, shaped similarly to theteeth of a cross cut saw, and are disposed to cut the side walls ormargins of a rabbet Or other groove 01 recess to be formed in the workin advance of the cuttingeof the floor of the groove or recess by thecutting bit. 7 These cutters 10 are arranged in staggered relation, orone in advance 'of the other, so as to respectively precede the marginalextremities of the obliquely disposed cutting edge ofthe bit, instead ofbeing arranged in transverse alinement with each other, in order tofacilitate the cutting of the margins and the clearance of the shavingsthrough the throat, the shavings cut by the advanced side cutter curlingand passing through the throat in advance of the shavings from the rearside cutter, thus insuring the ready and rapid clearance of the shavingsand avoiding all liability of the same choking the throat or clearancepassage. Each side cutter is held in position at its lower end by asecuring and tensioned friction fastener comprising a headed pin orscrew 42 having its threaded end adapted for engagement with any one ofa series of openings 43 in the side cutter and projecting through andbeing slidable in a slot 44 formed in the adjacent side plate. The sideplate is provided on opposite sides of the slot 44 with thickenedportions in the form of friction ribs 45 having concaved faces 46, anddisposed between the head of the screw 42and the faces 46 is a springmetal friction shoe or washer 47, which is held bowed by the pressureofthe head of the screw to frictionally engage the faces 46 and thusexert a spring binding pressure thereon and drawing pressure upon thescrew 42, whereby the lower end of the cutter will be held firmly incontact with the walls of the guideway. A series of openings 43 isprovided for the reception of the screw 42 in order that provision maybe made for the connection and proper disposition of the fastening atintervals when the cutter is shortened by the continued sharpening ofits cutting edg Each cutter is provided on its inner face with wormteeth 48 for engagement with a worm wheel or gear 49 upon an adjustingshaft 50. Each shaft 50 1S r0- vided at its lower end with a ball andsocket pivotal connection 51 with a bearing member 52 on the sole 2, andis provided at its upper end with a milled adjusting knob or hand wheel53, the construction being such that by rotating the shaft 50 in onedirection or the other the cutter may be lowered or raised to advance orretract its cutting edge. In this operation it will of course beunderstood that the spring washer slides with just enough frictionalresistance along the surfaces of the ribs to properly maintain thecutter in its working position. Each shaft is j ournaled at its upperend in a bearing recess 54 formed in a bearing member 55 carried by theadjacent side plate, and is adapted to be held seated in said recess bya latch bar 56. When this latch bar is retracted, however, the shaft 50may be swung inwardly on its pivotal connection 51 to move the gear 49out of engagement with the teeth 48, thus enabling the cutter 40 to bewithdrawn from the guideway. Iniorder to enable the cutter to be quicklyand conveniently withdrawn, it may be provided with an opening 57 toreceive a nail or other implement whereby it may be convenientlyretracted. Each latch bar 56 is bifurcated at one end to form knuckles58 to engage a knuckle 59 formed on the bearing 55, and the opposite endof said latch bar is bifurcated to receive and engage a keeper lug 60formed on the bearing 55, which keeper lug 60 is formed with a notch 61.Slidably mounted Within the latter named bifurcated end of the latch bar56 is a latch dog 62 adapted for engagement with the notch 61, said dogbeing provided with serrated surfaces 63 so that it may be. readilygripped and manipulated and being normally forced outwardly by a springactuated plunger 64 to locking position. It will be observed that whenthe latch bar is released and swung open the shaft 50 may be tilted inopposite directions to move the gear 49 into and out of engagement withthe teeth 48, and that when said latch bar is in closed position it willhold the shaft seated in its bearings against any but a rotary movement.It will be obvious, however, that through the selflocking action of theworm gearing the cutter will be held fixed in adjusted position, and canonly be adjusted through positive actuation of the shaft by theoperator. Each bearing 55 is formed with an opening 65 communicatingwith the slot 44 to permit of the passage of the head of the fastener 42and the washer 47 in applying and removing the side cutter. It will beobserved that the ribs 45 are wider or thicker at their lower ends thanat their upper ends, such'portions being connected by inclined surfaces66, whereby the washer 47, which is initially set for a holding actionwith the screw 42, will be automatically placed under tension in theoperation of inserting the cutter in its guideway and released fromtension to permit of the ready removal of the cutter, when said cutteris moved upwardly for withdrawal from the guideway. From the foregoingdescription it will therefore be apparent that provision is made forquickly applying, removing and adjusting the side cutters, and that bymeans of these cutters the margins of the rabbet or other groove to becut will be quickly cut in advance of the cutting of the body orflooring of the groove by the cutter bit and in such a manner as toprovide for the cutting of a rabbet or other groove 0r recess in acleanly manner and with greater ease and less strain upon the parts ofthe tool.

A. gage 67 is provided for limiting the depth of the cut, and comprisesa bar extending longitudinally upon the outer side of the side plate 3and adjustable to different elevations to vary the depth limit of thecut to any desired extent. As shown, the bar 67 is pivotally connectedat its ends with the lower ends of a pair ofvswinging arms 68 havingcrank disks 69 at their upper ends, said crank disks being coupled by aconnecting rod 70 holding the crank disks properly spaced and adaptingsaid arms 68' to swing to equal degrees in unison. The arms 68 are madeof spring metal and have bowed lower ends, and the bar 67 is provided inalinement with said arms with studs 71 adapted'for engagement with gagesockets or recesses 72 formed in the side plate 3. The sockets orrecesses extend on arcs concentric with the pivot members of the arms 68and are arranged at different elevations, so that by engagement of thestuds 71, under the spring action of the arms 68, with horizontallyalined sockets disposed at a desired elevation the bar will be spaced adetermined distance from the surface of the bottom plate to limit thedepth of the cut to the desired degree. On the face of the side plate 3is provided a suitable inch or other scale for indicating the degrees ofadjustment to which the bar may be set, the divi-' sions of which scaleare in proper alinement with the sockets 72. The crank disks 69 of thearms 68 are formed with threaded openings which engage reduced threadedstems 73 upon the outer ends of rotary shafts 74 journaled in bearings 75 on the plate 3, said shafts 74 having actuating knobs or heads 76. Atthe intersection of the shaft 7 4: withthe reduced stem 73 shoulders areformed against which bear washers or abutment,

disks 77 which are threaded on said stems and then punch-keyed orotherwise locked in engagement with the threads, which abutments aremovable in counterbores or recesses 78 formed in the bearings. spring 79 is interposed between each bearing and the knob or head 76 andnormally acts to hold the crank disk 69 forced against the face of theplate 3, thus adapting the bowed free end of each arm 68 to have thedesired spring locking action, while at the same time holding the gagemembers in close contact withthe sides of the plate 3. It will beunderstood that the arms 68 the studs 71 may be disengaged from thesockets they engage and the gage swung in one direction or the other toadjust the bar 67 to the desired elevation, and that as said. bar swingsdownwardly it also swings forwardly, 'while on the upward movement ofthe bar it will also swing rearwardly, the construction being such thatwhen the bar reaches the desired elevation the studs will snap into thesockets registering therewith and hold it in position until forciblydisplaced by tion by the operator. By turning the knobs 74 in the properdirection'to unscrew the stem 73 from the crank disks 69 the arms 68will be disengaged therefrom,

A coiled by pulling outward on r the positive manipula-V whereby thegage may be detached whenever desired from the tool. When the arms 68are so released from the shafts 7a the latter will be forced inwardly bythe spring 79 sothat the stems 73 and abutments 77. will-'be housed andconcealed. entirely within the recesses 78, thus leaving the outer faceof thevside plate 3 free from projections so that it may slide freely incontact with the work or other object in certain operations of the tool.

Having thus fully described my tion, I claim:

1. A fillister or rabbet plane comprising a, stock, a cutter slidablymounted upon the stock and provided with gear teeth, a shaft carrying agear to mesh with said teeth,- said shaft being rotatably and tiltablysupported for actuating the gear to adjust the cutter backward orforward and to throw the gear into and out of connection with the gearteeth, and means for holding the shaft in position to maintain the gearin mesh with v the teeth.

2. A fillister or rabbet plane having a cutter support provided with anopening therein, a cutter movably mounted upon'the support forprojection and-retraction and having gear teeth on its side facing saidopen ing, a gear'arranged in rear of the support and projecting throughthe opening for engagement with said gear teeth, a shaft car-g ryingsaid gear, said shaft being rotatably mounted for actuation ofthe "gearand tiltably mounted for moving the gear into and out of mesh with thegear teeth,and'-means for holding the shaft in the firstnamed position.I I

3. A 'fillister or rabbet plane comprising a stock, a cutter slidablymounted on the stock for projection and retraction, said cutter beingprovided with gear teeth, a gear adapted to mesh journaled at one endfor rotation a'ndtilting motion and carryingsaid gear, and means forholding the shaft in position for rotation and against tilting movementand to maintain the gear in meshing engagement with the gear teeth. 7 7

4. A fillister or rabbet plane comprising a stock having a "base plate,a sidep'late, a bit seat, a web connecting said bit seat with the sideplate and formed with an opening therein, a bit resting against the bitseat and provided with gear teeth exposed through an opening in said bitseat, a shaft arranged in rear ofthe bit seat and carrying a gearprojecting throughsaid opening and meshing with said gearteeth, saidshaft being rotatably and tiltably mountedatits lower end and projectingat its opposite end with said teeth, a shaft through the openingin theweb,and a latch device upon the web for holding the shaft in positionfor rotationwith the gear engaging the gear teeth.

5. A fillister or rabbet plane having a guideway and a slotcommunicating there- With, a cutter slidably mounted in the guide- Wayand provided with gear teeth, a station ary bearing member upon theplane stock having a bearing recess, a shaft carrying a gear meshingwith the gear teeth on the cutter, said gear projecting through saidslot and into said guideway, and said shaft being rotatably and tiltablymounted at one end and adapted for movement into and out 10 of saidbearing recess at its opposite end, and a latch device for holding theshaft seated in said bearing recess.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

' JAMES E. MEED.

